That’s a tricky one.
I guess the only way would be to start testing the pinouts in the plug
That might need some skill. You’ll need to back probe the plug. I use a paper clip into the back of the plug to contact the pin you want. Then an alligator clip onto that, and connect it into the multimeter. See what the BCM is sending to the headunit.
Never push a probe into the wire. Always back probe.
One day, I’ll get a proper back probe set for a multimeter.
In particular is the power.
Is the HVAC going out as well?
Is the fans going off?
There is a link to VE manual to download here if you search. It’s on a google drive. You find the pinout diagrams for the plug.
https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/How+To+Use+A+Multimeter/25632